{"id":43140,"date":"2023-06-06T20:00:58","date_gmt":"2023-06-06T17:00:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.englishcentral.com\/blog\/?p=43140"},"modified":"2023-06-06T20:00:58","modified_gmt":"2023-06-06T17:00:58","slug":"thi-qua-khu-hoan-thanh-day-du-va-de-hieu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.englishcentral.com\/blog\/vi\/thi-qua-khu-hoan-thanh-day-du-va-de-hieu\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u00ec Qu\u00e1 Kh\u1ee9 Ho\u00e0n Th\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ea7y \u0110\u1ee7 v\u00e0 D\u1ec5 Hi\u1ec3u"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Ch\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc sinh y\u00eau th\u00edch m\u00f4n ti\u1ebfng Anh!
\nTrong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng nhau t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 Th\u00ec Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 Ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/strong>, quy t\u1eafc ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c c\u00e2u trong th\u00ec n\u00e0y. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00ec Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 Ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh trong giao ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng Anh.<\/p>\n

Th\u00ec Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Th\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh (Past Perfect) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00ec trong ti\u1ebfng Anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n x\u1ea3y ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9.
\nV\u00ed d\u1ee5:
\n– She had already finished her homework when her friends arrived. (C\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 khi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ebfn.)
\n– By the time I got to the cinema, the movie had already started. (Khi t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ea1p chi\u1ebfu phim, phim \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u.)<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n

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Quy t\u1eafc ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p Th\u00ec Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac: had + V3<\/strong> (qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ph\u00e2n t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb)
\nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng “had” l\u00e0m tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb \u1edf d\u1ea1ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ph\u00e2n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9.
\nV\u00ed d\u1ee5:
\n– She had already eaten dinner before her friends arrived.
\n(C\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0103n t\u1ed1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ebfn.)<\/p>\n

– They had finished the project by the time the deadline came.
\n(H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh d\u1ef1 \u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ea1n ch\u00f3t \u0111\u1ebfn.)<\/p>\n

– He had lived in London for five years before moving to New York.
\n(Anh ta \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng \u1edf Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n trong n\u0103m n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn New York.)<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n

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B\u1ea3ng quy t\u1eafc ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p th\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\t\n\n\t\n\t
Kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/th>Ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/th>Nghi v\u1ea5n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
I\/You\/He\/She\/It\/We\/They had + V3<\/td>I\/You\/He\/She\/It\/We\/They had not + V3<\/td>Had + I\/You\/He\/She\/It\/We\/They + V3?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
I had finished my homework before going to bed.
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\n(T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i ng\u1ee7.)<\/td>		She had not seen the movie before.
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\n(C\u00f4 \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng xem phim \u0111\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y.)<\/td>		Had you traveled to Europe before?
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\n(B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i du l\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00e2u \u00c2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ch\u01b0a?)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>
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H\u1eadu t\u1ed1 Th\u00ec Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 Ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

H\u1eadu t\u1ed1 trong Th\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 “ed” ho\u1eb7c “en” \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ph\u00e2n t\u1eeb.
\nH\u1eadu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9.
\nV\u00ed d\u1ee5:
\n– Walk (\u0111i b\u1ed9) \u2192 Walked (\u0111\u00e3 \u0111i b\u1ed9)
\n– Finish (ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh) \u2192 Finished (\u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh)
\n– Play (ch\u01a1i) \u2192 Played (\u0111\u00e3 ch\u01a1i)
\n– Broken (h\u1ecfng) \u2192 Been (\u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng)<\/p>\n

Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong Th\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5:
\n– Go (\u0111i) \u2192 Gone (\u0111\u00e3 \u0111i)
\n– Do (l\u00e0m) \u2192 Done (\u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m)
\n– See (nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y) \u2192 Seen (\u0111\u00e3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y)<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n

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C\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o c\u00e2u \u1edf th\u00ec Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/strong><\/h2>\n

C\u00e2u kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/em><\/strong>
\nSubject + had + past participle (qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ph\u00e2n t\u1eeb) + \u2026
\nV\u00ed d\u1ee5:
\nShe had finished her work before she went home. (C\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0.)<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/em><\/strong>
\nSubject + had not (hadn’t) + past participle + …
\nV\u00ed d\u1ee5:
\nHe hadn’t seen that movie before. (Anh \u1ea5y ch\u01b0a xem b\u1ed9 phim \u0111\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y.)<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u nghi v\u1ea5n:<\/em><\/strong>
\nHad + subject + past participle + …?
\nV\u00ed d\u1ee5:
\nHad they finished their homework before the deadline? (Li\u1ec7u h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng?)<\/p>\n

L\u01b0u \u00fd<\/em><\/strong>: Past participle (qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ph\u00e2n t\u1eeb) c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00eam “ed” ho\u1eb7c “en” v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n

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V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e2u kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/em><\/strong>
\n– They had traveled to Europe before they got married. (H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 du l\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00e2u u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi k\u1ebft h\u00f4n.)
\n– I had read the book before I watched the movie. (T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi xem phim.)<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e2u ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/em><\/strong>
\n– We hadn’t finished our dinner when they arrived. (Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh b\u1eefa t\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn.)
\n– She hadn’t visited her parents for a long time. (C\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u0103m cha m\u1eb9 m\u00ecnh trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i.)<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e2u nghi v\u1ea5n th\u00ec Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/em><\/strong>
\n– Had you ever been to New York City before? (B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ebfn New York City tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ch\u01b0a?)
\n– Had he seen the new exhibition at the museum? (Anh \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 xem tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m m\u1edbi t\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng ch\u01b0a?)<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e2u nghi v\u1ea5n t\u00edch c\u1ef1c th\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/em><\/strong>
\n– Had she finished her project before the presentation? (Li\u1ec7u c\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc bu\u1ed5i thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng?)
\n– Had they arrived at the airport before the flight took off? (Li\u1ec7u h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e2n bay tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chuy\u1ebfn bay c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng?)
\n– Had he received the package before he left for vacation? (Li\u1ec7u anh \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00f3i h\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi anh \u1ea5y \u0111i ngh\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng?)<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 nghi v\u1ea5n ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/em><\/strong>
\n– Hadn’t she visited her grandparents in years? (C\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u0103m \u00f4ng b\u00e0 m\u00ecnh trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m r\u1ed3i ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng?)
\n– Hadn’t they finished their project before the deadline? (H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng?)
\n– Hadn’t he seen that movie before it was released? (Anh \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng xem b\u1ed9 phim \u0111\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng?)<\/p>\n

L\u01b0u \u00fd<\/em><\/strong>: Trong c\u00e2u nghi v\u1ea5n ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh, ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng “hadn’t” \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00fat g\u1ecdn “had not”.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n

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V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e2u b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi Th\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/em><\/strong>
\n– The report had been written by John before the meeting. (B\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi John tr\u01b0\u1edbc bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp.)
\n– The house had been cleaned by the time they arrived. (Nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecdn d\u1eb9p khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn.)
\n– The tickets had been booked by the travel agent. (V\u00e9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1edfi nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean du l\u1ecbch.)<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00e2u nghi v\u1ea5n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi Th\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/em><\/strong>
\n– Had the car been repaired before the accident? (Li\u1ec7u xe \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa tr\u01b0\u1edbc tai n\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng?)
\n– Had the cake been baked by the time the guests arrived? (Li\u1ec7u b\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbng khi kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng?)
\n– Had the documents been signed by the CEO? (Li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh k\u00fd ch\u01b0a?)<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00e2u nghi v\u1ea5n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u1edbi th\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/em><\/strong>
\n– Had the project been completed by the deadline? (Li\u1ec7u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng?)
\n– Had the gifts been wrapped beautifully for the party? (Li\u1ec7u nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00f3i \u0111\u1eb9p cho bu\u1ed5i ti\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng?)
\n– Had the problem been solved by the IT team? (Li\u1ec7u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1edfi nh\u00f3m IT kh\u00f4ng?)<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00e2u nghi v\u1ea5n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi Th\u00ec Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 Ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/em><\/strong>
\n– Hadn’t the tickets been bought before they sold out? (Li\u1ec7u v\u00e9 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mua tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang b\u00e1n h\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng?)
\n– Hadn’t the work been completed on time? (Li\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00fang h\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng?)
\n– Hadn’t the mistake been made by the new employee? (Li\u1ec7u l\u1ed7i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ea3i b\u1edfi nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean m\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng?)<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n

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C\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1edbi tr\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb nghi v\u1ea5n \u1edf Th\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1edbi tr\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb nghi v\u1ea5n \u1edf Th\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, ch\u00fang ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac sau:
\n“Tr\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb nghi v\u1ea5n” + had + ch\u1ee7 t\u1eeb + \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu + …<\/strong>
\nV\u00ed d\u1ee5:
\n– When had they arrived home? (Khi n\u00e0o h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0?)
\n– How had she prepared for the exam? (C\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o cho b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra?)
\n– Where had he traveled before coming here? (Anh \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i du l\u1ecbch \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y?)
\n– Why had they decided to cancel the event? (T\u1ea1i sao h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ee7y s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n?)
\n– Had you ever visited that place before? (B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng gh\u00e9 th\u0103m n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ch\u01b0a?)
\n– How many books had she read by the age of 20? (C\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc bao nhi\u00eau s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ebfn khi 20 tu\u1ed5i?)<\/p>\n

L\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng tr\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb nghi v\u1ea5n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 “when” (khi n\u00e0o), “how” (nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o), “where” (\u1edf \u0111\u00e2u), “why” (t\u1ea1i sao), “how many” (bao nhi\u00eau),<\/strong>… t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecfi.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n

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C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 th\u00ec Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/strong><\/h2>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 1: S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa Th\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 Th\u00ec hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/em>
Th\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh (Past Perfect): Di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea3y ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng “had” + \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ph\u00e2n t\u1eeb.
V\u00ed d\u1ee5:
\n– By the time I arrived, they had already left. (Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 r\u1eddi \u0111i r\u1ed3i.)<\/p>\n

Th\u00ec hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n (Present Continuous): Di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3i ho\u1eb7c xung quanh th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng “am\/is\/are” + \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb -ing.
V\u00ed d\u1ee5:
\n– I am studying for my exam at the moment. (T\u00f4i \u0111ang h\u1ecdc cho k\u1ef3 thi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u00e0o l\u00fac n\u00e0y.)<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 2: S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa Th\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 Th\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u01a1n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/em><\/strong>
Th\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh (Past Perfect): Di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng “had” + \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ph\u00e2n t\u1eeb.
V\u00ed d\u1ee5:
\n– She had finished her work before she went to bed. (C\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i ng\u1ee7.)<\/p>\n

Th\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u01a1n (Simple Past): Di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u01a1n.
V\u00ed d\u1ee5:
\n– He visited his grandparents last weekend. (Anh \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 th\u0103m \u00f4ng b\u00e0 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc.)<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 3: S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa Th\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 Th\u00ec t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/em><\/strong>
Th\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh (Past Perfect): Di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9.
V\u00ed d\u1ee5:
\n– By the time you arrive, we will have already finished dinner. (Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh b\u1eefa t\u1ed1i r\u1ed3i.)<\/p>\n

Th\u00ec t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai ti\u1ebfng Anh (Future Tense): Di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c sau th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.
V\u00ed d\u1ee5:
\n– She will visit her parents next week. (C\u00f4 \u1ea5y s\u1ebd th\u0103m b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 v\u00e0o tu\u1ea7n t\u1edbi.)<\/p>\n