{"id":54760,"date":"2024-03-30T15:53:01","date_gmt":"2024-03-30T12:53:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.englishcentral.com\/blog\/?p=54760"},"modified":"2024-04-20T19:25:57","modified_gmt":"2024-04-20T16:25:57","slug":"tuong-thuat-gian-tiep-trong-tieng-anh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.englishcentral.com\/blog\/vi\/tuong-thuat-gian-tiep-trong-tieng-anh\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u01b0\u1eddng Thu\u1eadt Gi\u00e1n Ti\u1ebfp Trong Ti\u1ebfng Anh"},"content":{"rendered":"
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T\u01b0\u1eddng Thu\u1eadt Gi\u00e1n Ti\u1ebfp Trong Ti\u1ebfng Anh<\/strong><\/h2>\n

C\u00e2u t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt (Reported speech) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng Anh. \u0110\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2u t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp n\u00f3i ri\u00eang, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00f4ng qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n

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T\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Reported speech (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e2u t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt) l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t l\u1ea1i l\u1eddi n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ea5u ngo\u1eb7c k\u00e9p. Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng reported speech, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 trong c\u00e2u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n

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Nh\u1eefng quy lu\u1eadt trong t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e2u t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt, ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn quy t\u1eafc l\u00f9i th\u00ec v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb ng\u1eef nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai c\u0169ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u00f3.
\na) L\u00f9i th\u00ec
\n– \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2u t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00f9i th\u00ec c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng l\u00f9i th\u00ec t\u00f9y theo v\u0103n c\u1ea3nh. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f9i th\u00ec c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u b\u00ean trong d\u1ea5u ngo\u1eb7c k\u00e9p.
\nVD: Nam said: \u201cHe don\u2019t love you\u201d
\n– \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2u t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u00f9i th\u00ec khi \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt \u1edf d\u1ea1ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:
\n+ C\u00e1c th\u00ec hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh th\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9: Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01a1n chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u01a1n, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh.
\nVD: I am cooking in my kitchen
\n\u2192 She said that she was cooking in her kitchen
\n+ C\u00e1c th\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c th\u00ec ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh: Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u01a1n chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n
\nVD: Nam said: \u201cI met her in the conference\u201d
\n\u2192 Nam said that he had met her in the conference
\n+ Will chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh Would
\nb) Thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb ng\u1eef
\nTrong c\u00e2u t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt, vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb ng\u1eef cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi v\u0103n c\u1ea3nh c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng l\u01b0u \u00fd
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T\u1eeb ng\u1eef trong c\u00e2u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp<\/th>T\u1eeb ng\u1eef trong c\u00e2u t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
today<\/td>that day<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
yesterday<\/td>the previous day<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
tomorrow<\/td>the next day, the following day<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
this\/ these<\/td>that\/ those<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
can\/may\/shall<\/td>could\/might\/should<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
next year\/week\/month<\/td>the following year\/ week\/ month<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
now<\/td>then<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\nc) Thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ee7 ng\u1eef
\nD\u1ef1a v\u00e0o v\u0103n c\u1ea3nh m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ee7 ng\u1eef, \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb nh\u00e2n x\u01b0ng sao cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.
\nVD: You said \u201cI hate you\u201d \u2192 You said that you hated me<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t
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C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2u gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp<\/strong><\/h2>\n

a) C\u00e2u t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi Yes\/No
\nC\u1ea5u tr\u00fac: S + wanted to know\/ wondered + if\/whether + CL(l\u00f9i th\u00ec)
\nVD: \u201cHave you completed your homework?\u201d said Tim\u2019s mother
\n\u2192 Tim\u2019s mother wanted to know if he had completed his homework
\nb) C\u00e2u t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi Wh-questions
\nC\u1ea5u tr\u00fac: S + asked + Wh-word + CL(l\u00f9i th\u00ec)
\nVD: \u201cWhy do you do it now?\u201d Linda asks
\n\u2192 Linda asked why I did it then<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t

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T\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 c\u00e2u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp<\/strong><\/h2>\n

C\u00e2u t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt g\u1ed3m hai lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp.
\n– T\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp: S + \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt + \u201cc\u00e2u t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt\u201d
\n– T\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp: S + \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt + c\u00e2u t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 l\u00f9i th\u00ec<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n

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C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00e2u t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt<\/strong><\/h2>\n

.C\u00e2u 1: L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c l\u1ed7i l\u00f9i th\u00ec?<\/strong><\/em>
– N\u1eafm v\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc l\u00f9i th\u00ec:
Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc l\u00f9i th\u00ec cho t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb (hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01a1n, qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u01a1n, t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u0111\u01a1n,…) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7.
Tham kh\u1ea3o c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfng Anh uy t\u00edn ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 l\u00f9i th\u00ec.<\/p>\n

– Luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean:
L\u00e0m c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 l\u00f9i th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e2u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp sang c\u00e2u gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp.
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng Anh c\u00f3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp l\u00f9i th\u00ec.<\/p>\n

– Ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh:
Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m di\u1ec5n ra s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1ch l\u00f9i th\u00ec ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u1eeb ch\u1ec9 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c.
C\u00e2u 2: T\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00f9i th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/em>
C\u00e2u t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng l\u00f9i th\u00ec
C\u00e2u 3: T\u00f4i n\u00ean d\u00f9ng t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp hay gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp trong v\u0103n n\u00f3i?<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp hay gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp trong v\u0103n n\u00f3i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch giao ti\u1ebfp:
– S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp khi:
Mu\u1ed1n truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n l\u1eddi n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 ng\u1eef \u0111i\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac.
Mu\u1ed1n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o l\u1eddi n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.
Mu\u1ed1n t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng cho c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

– S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp khi:
Mu\u1ed1n t\u00f3m t\u1eaft l\u1ea1i l\u1eddi n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.
Mu\u1ed1n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a l\u1eddi n\u00f3i h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i.
Mu\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u1eeb ng\u1eef trong c\u00e2u.<\/p>\n